Learning & education: melatonin
Melatonin is involved in sleep regulation and the circadian rhythm [2]. However, melatonin also plays other roles in the human body as in the immune system [3], in cancers [4], and even in energy metabolism [5]. Previously, we've discussed melatonin supplementation, melatonin's anticancer potential, and its effects on depression and anxiety. In this article, we'll focus on melatonin's role in diabetes and weight loss.
Have you ever felt exhaustion dragging at your eyelids, only to find yourself wide awake staring at the ceiling as you lie in bed, not feeling sleepy at all despite being tired all day?
It's a frustrating paradox — you're feeling tired but can't sleep. This experience, known as paradoxical insomnia, affects millions of people worldwide alongside those with sleep disorders.
Melatonin is well-known for its modulation of the circadian rhythm through signaling pathways involving its two G protein-coupled receptors. However, melatonin is involved in many other mechanisms and represents therapeutic opportunities for different conditions, including anxiety and depression.
Melatonin is best known in humans for its role in the circadian rhythm, but it is also involved in other processes, such as reproduction regulation and immune modulation. It is an efficient antioxidant in vitro with anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-tumor properties.
Mitochondria are essential structures present in the majority of eukaryotic life forms, including humans. Mitochondria are responsible for generating more than 90% of the body's energy, primarily in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [1]. When ATP breaks down, it releases essential energy crucial for maintaining life and ensuring proper functioning of organs [2].
5-hydroxytryptophan, or 5-HTP for short, is the intermediate metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan in the process of serotonin biosynthesis [1]. That is to say, it is an immediate precursor to serotonin [1,2].
AI-generated responses are for informational purposes only and do not constitute medical advice. Accuracy, completeness, or timeliness are not guaranteed. Use at your own risk.
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