Learning and Education

Adenosine is a naturally occurring compound in the body that plays a crucial role in regulating sleep. It is a neurotransmitter that builds up in the brain throughout the day...

Mushrooms have been consumed as part of the human diet as a food source for many centuries [1], yet “mushroom nutraceuticals” are only a recent development [2]. These products use mushroom-derived agents...

Nowadays, cannabis is a popular topic in the news and on social media. You may have come across articles or blogs discussing compounds called cannabinoids that are present in cannabis...

Everyday an American is potentially exposed to more than 80,000 toxic chemicals, yet their impact on neuro-diseases is not well understood. Studies have shown that exposure to toxic chemicals in the...

Although the title of this article may seem like a departure from our regularly scheduled (and we think awesome) programming... it is, in fact, very relevant.  Because with this newfound enhanced sense of...

Dendrites are the branching extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body [4,5]. Dendrites derive their name from the Greek word...

New research evidence suggests that meditation can modulate brain activity, specifically via the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [3-6]. Though this may perhaps not be surprising to devotees of the practice, in...

Have you ever wondered how your body clears cellular waste? Where do our millions of cells dump their garbage? The answer to this question is relatively simple: outside of your...

Acquiring new knowledge is beneficial for the brain, but not all types of learning can lead to the formation of new synapses. To foster the formation of new synapses, it...

Do you remember the last time you did something for the first time? Maybe it was the first time you took a solo travel trip, tried to start learning a new language...

The whole world is getting more anxious by the day. According to recent statistics, up to 33.7% of people will be affected by an anxiety disorder during their lifetime [2],...

Can psychedelics be nootropics? Yes indeed! They are PONs + psychoplastogens! Let us explain... The use of classical psychedelic substances for therapeutic purposes has surged in recent years. 

Programs! Get your programs! In this article, we’re going to take a look at the default mode network (DMN), also known as the default state network + ways to modulate...

Whether in the boardroom, bedroom, on the athletic pitch, hiking Everest, fluffing (Google it), or trying to finish an ultramarathon, can we all agree that performance is kind of a...

In this article, we will explore an important neurotransmitter in the body and brain called acetylcholine (ACh). While also functioning as a classical neuromodulator, ACh is similar to norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine in that...