Learning and Education

Derived from the Greek term holos meaning whole or entire, the concept of a holobiont was initially defined by Dr. Lynn Margulis in her 1991 book, "Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary...

Our growth and maturation are controlled by specific gene sets that are choreographed events in conjunction with environmental cues, depending on the period of life at which they are triggered or...

In our previous article, we learned about a detailed overview of epigenetics. This article will discuss the three main epigenetic signatures (DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA), how they are...

Sleep allows our bodies to rest and recover, and our brains to process the information we've taken in during the day. But what happens inside our bodies when we sleep?...

The 2023 Exposome Day webinar topic of discussion was “Women’s Health over 40: Menopause and Environmental Exposures.” The webinar was moderated by Dr. Sarah Evans, Assistant Professor at Environmental Medicine...

For eternity, the biggest question in the mind of scientists is how a complex organism is formed with varied types of cells from a single fertilized egg. With the discovery...

Everyday an American is potentially exposed to more than 80,000 toxic chemicals, yet their impact on neuro-diseases is not well understood. Studies have shown that exposure to toxic chemicals in the...

Although the title of this article may seem like a departure from our regularly scheduled (and we think awesome) programming... it is, in fact, very relevant.  Because with this newfound enhanced sense of...

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone and micronutrient that has many biological functions. It occurs mainly in two forms, D3 (cholecalciferol) and D2 (ergocalciferol), but also as the vitamin D...

If you fly with any regularity, you very likely know the feeling of being jet-lagged.  The so-called “jet lag syndrome” includes a variety of symptoms like sleepiness, headache, body pain,...

The exposome: the cumulative measure of environmental exposures and corresponding biological responses that can be derived from biological samples (blood, urine, tissue). The debate of nature versus nurture was put...

Dendrites are the branching extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body [4,5]. Dendrites derive their name from the Greek word...

Even though cannabis has accompanied humans for almost 5000 years, it was not until recently that its mechanism in our bodies and related main actors were revealed. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)...

New research evidence suggests that meditation can modulate brain activity, specifically via the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [3-6]. Though this may perhaps not be surprising to devotees of the practice, in...

Have you ever wondered how your body clears cellular waste? Where do our millions of cells dump their garbage? The answer to this question is relatively simple: outside of your...