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Far from being just a stimulant that keeps smokers hooked, nicotine plays a role in cognition, neuroprotection, inflammation, circulation, and even pain regulation. But here’s the catch: context is everything....

The gut is often considered the body's "second brain," with roles in mood regulation and immune function that expand beyond its primary job of digestion. It’s perhaps unsurprising that nicotine, the...

Glutathione is an antioxidant tripeptide found in nearly all eukaryotes that results from cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid. It is present at the same concentration as glucose and cholesterol in...

Apigenin is principally known for its antioxidant properties [3], but it also presents hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and cytostatic and cytotoxic properties for various cancer cells. Finally, apigenin possesses antidepressant effects, and...

Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are different forms of vitamin B3 found in food. These compounds have identical vitamin activity; however, their pharmacological profiles differ. Indeed, nicotinamide has an amide group,...

The largest group of naturally occurring polyphenols are flavonoids, including apigenin, which has become a subject of interest for nutritionists, researchers, and health enthusiasts alike. Known for its potential anti-inflammatory,...

In this article, we will examine the background of this relationship, the underlying mechanisms, interactions, and broader consequences of the synergy between nicotine and caffeine.

Alcohol is a widely used substance worldwide. While its effects on health remain unclear at low doses, several studies report that alcohol abstinence improves health, including sleep. However, its consumption...

Niacin exists in different forms, comprising nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and nicotinamide riboside (NR). All of these compounds have essential roles in metabolism and cellular respiration. At the blood-brain barrier, nicotinamide is...

Apigenin, also known as 4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavone, is a natural chemical from the flavone group found in vegetables and fruits, including olives, onions, celery, oranges, and chamomile. In this article, we delve...

Imagine a team-up of two superstar molecules: one that steps in like a perfect substitute, activating a receptor just like your body's natural molecule would, and another that plays the...

This article seeks to improve your understanding of the role of GABA in gut health and offers insights into the management of GI disorders, mental health, and overall wellness.

Kavain is a psychoactive compound produced by the pepper plant kava or kava kava (also known as Piper methysticum), which is found to grow in the Pacific Islands. It is...

This article explores an emerging therapeutic approach using methylene blue, a chemical targeting mitochondria, and offering new hope for treating neurological disorders.

In this article, we will explore the differences and similarities between glutamine and glutamate, as well as discuss their metabolic roles, nutritional significance, and clinical applications.